8 Electric Power Steering Problems

Published: 23 Sep 2025

Electric Power Steering (EPS) has replaced hydraulic systems in many modern cars. It makes driving smoother, easier, and more fuel-efficient. But like any car system, EPS can develop faults over time. When it fails, the steering becomes heavy, safety decreases, and repairs may cost more if ignored. Knowing the common problems helps you spot issues early and avoid big damage.

Electric Power Steering Problems

Battery or electrical faults

EPS fully relies on electric power. If your battery is weak, the alternator is failing, or a fuse blows, the system may shut down. This makes the wheel suddenly harder to turn, especially at low speeds. Checking the battery and wiring regularly prevents unexpected breakdowns.

2. Sensor errors

Sensors in EPS monitor torque, speed, and steering angle. A faulty sensor can confuse the system, leading to uneven steering or delayed response. In most cases, the dashboard will show a warning light. Quick diagnosis can save both time and repair costs.

3. Motor failure

The EPS motor gives extra force to help turn the wheel smoothly. If it overheats or wears out, you’ll notice stiff steering or jerky movements. This issue often appears during slow driving or parking. Regular servicing keeps the motor in good shape.

4. ECU malfunction

The Electronic Control Unit (ECU) is like the brain of EPS. If it fails, steering assist may cut out without warning. This can feel like the wheel suddenly becomes heavier mid-drive. ECU issues often need professional repair or replacement.

5. Mechanical wear

Even though EPS is electronic, it still uses racks, gears, and joints. Over time, these parts can wear or loosen, causing clunky noises, vibrations, or poor steering response. Early inspection avoids costly replacements later.

6. Temperature or water damage

Extreme heat, cold, or water exposure can damage EPS parts. For example, moisture can short-circuit sensors, while cold weather makes the steering sluggish. Protecting the system and avoiding waterlogged areas can extend its life.

7. Warning light issues

The EPS warning light is the system’s first warning signal. If this light turns on, it means the system has detected a fault. Ignoring it can turn a small issue into a major safety risk. Always get it checked as soon as possible.

8. Pump-Related Problems (for EHPS systems)

Some vehicles use an electric motor-driven hydraulic pump. When the pump leaks, loses pressure, or wears out, the steering becomes heavy and noisy. Regular checks help prevent sudden breakdowns.

Conclusion

Electric power steering is a smart system that makes driving effortless, but it’s not free from problems. From weak batteries and faulty sensors to ECU and motor failures, each issue can affect safety and comfort. Watch out for stiff steering, strange noises, or dashboard lights. Early maintenance and quick repairs will keep your EPS system running smoothly and your driving safe.